The railway, a historical pillar of freight transport, remains fundamental in global logistics, particularly in sustainable mobility. Its efficiency in transporting large volumes makes it a key option for various industries, standing out for its safety and reliability.
Importance in the Supply Chain
Railways play a crucial role in moving a wide range of products and raw materials. In the European Union, for example, it accounted for approximately 16.8% of freight transport in 2022, with goals to increase this share to 30% by 2030.
Advantages of Railways
Load Capacity: Transports between 3,000 and 18,000 tons per trip, significantly outperforming other modes like airplanes (140 tons).
Economies of Scale: Reduces operating costs by transporting large volumes of freight, efficiently distributing fixed costs.
Low GHG Emissions: Emits approximately 15 grams of CO2 per ton-kilometer, much lower than trucks (60 g) and planes (500 g), thanks to lower rolling resistance and use of electric power.
Energy Efficiency: Consumes significantly less energy than trucks and planes, emitting approximately 80.90% less CO2 per ton-kilometer compared to road transport.
Safety: Has a remarkably low accident rate (0.5 per billion ton-kilometers), better than trucks and planes, due to dedicated infrastructure and strict safety regulations.
Transport Security: Lower risk of theft thanks to protected infrastructures and surveillance systems during transit.
Versatility: Transports a wide range of products, including perishables and liquids, through specialized wagons.
Adaptability: Operates in various climatic and geographical conditions, ensuring reliability in any situation.
Future of Railways
With innovations like electrification and automation, railways promise to be even more efficient and sustainable in the future, strengthening their role in international trade and the development of advanced transport systems.
Railways stand out as the most efficient freight transport mode, combining superior load capacity, low environmental impact, high safety, and adaptability. In a global context seeking sustainable and efficient solutions, railways will continue to play a fundamental role in modern logistics and the promotion of responsible transport practices.
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